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8. Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

Physiological Adaptation: Managing acute and chronic illnesses and emergencies
11–17%

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Question 1 of 20

1. The nurse observes Cushing's triad (increased , widened pulse pressure, and ) in a client with a head injury. This is considered what type of sign related to increased intracranial pressure ?

A

Early sign

B

Compensatory mechanism

C

Very late sign

D

Prodromal sign

Question 2 of 20

2. The nurse is caring for a client with severe hypermagnesemia. Which of the following medications is used as an emergency treatment to protect the client's heart?

A

potassium chloride

B

IV calcium gluconate

C

normal saline

D

magnesium oxide

Question 3 of 20

3. The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with severe anemia. Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of severe anemia?

A

Headache and polyuria

B

Mild palpitations

C

Profound weakness

D

Decreased sensitivity to cold

Question 4 of 20

4. The nurse is caring for a client experiencing a vaso-occlusive (pain) crisis due to Sickle Cell Disease. Which of the following interventions is the priority treatment during this crisis?

A

supplementation

B

IV fluids and analgesics

C

High-altitude exposure

D

Blood transfusion only

Question 5 of 20

5. The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client suspected of having (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion). Which of the following findings is characteristic of ?

A

High serum sodium

B

Decreased serum sodium

C

Decreased urine specific gravity

D

High plasma osmolality

Question 6 of 20

6. The nurse is identifying the primary pathophysiology of cardiogenic shock. Which of the following is the primary cause of cardiogenic shock?

A

Loss of fluid from circulation

B

Inadequate vascular tone

C

Decreased cardiac output

D

Excessive use of diuretics

Question 7 of 20

7. The nurse is caring for a client recovering from severe burns. When does the physiological phase of typically begin in this client?

A

First

B

36 to 48 hours after the burn

C

after the burn

D

When grafting is completed

Question 8 of 20

8. The nurse is providing dietary education to a client diagnosed with . Which of the following dietary restrictions is recommended for this client?

A

High-protein diet

B

Low-fat diet

C

New Choice

D

Low-sodium diet

E

High-tyramine diet

Question 9 of 20

9. The nurse is assessing a conscious client who suddenly experiences an upper airway obstruction. Which of the following is an early sign of upper airway obstruction?

A

Collapse

B

Cyanosis

C

Inability to breathe or speak

D

Seizure activity

Question 10 of 20

10. The nurse is reviewing the lab results of a client with a serum potassium level of . A serum potassium level above  is a risk factor for which of the following fatal complications?

A

Hypoglycemia

B

Cardiac arrest

C

Hyponatremia

D

Renal stones

Question 11 of 20

11. The nurse is caring for a pregnant client diagnosed with Syndrome. Syndrome involves which three primary components?

A

High blood pressure, low edema, low pain

B

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count

C

High erythrocyte count, low , low liver enzymes

D

Hemorrhage, extreme pain, low urinary output

Question 12 of 20

12. The nurse is caring for a pregnant client who has just experienced a spontaneous abortion. Which of the following is identified as the most common complication following a spontaneous abortion?

A

Infertility

B

Infection

C

Hemorrhage

D

Cervical dilation

Question 13 of 20

13. The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with . Which of the following characteristic skin changes is associated with this disease? 

A

Spider angiomas

B

Jaundice

C

Hyperpigmentation

D

Moon face

Question 14 of 20

14. The nurse is assessing a client with (a tumor secreting catecholamines). Which of the following symptoms is associated with this condition?

A

Hypoglycemia

B

Bradycardia

C

Polyuria

D

Weight gain

Question 15 of 20

15. The nurse is reviewing the diagnostic findings for a client diagnosed with (decreased ). Which of the following is a key diagnostic finding associated with this disorder?

A

High serum sodium

B

Low urine specific gravity

C

High urinary osmolality

D

Increased circulating blood volume

Question 16 of 20

16. The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with . The motor losses characteristic of this syndrome typically begin symmetrically in which of the following areas?

A

Upper extremities

B

Cranial nerves

C

Trunk

D

Lower extremities

Question 17 of 20

17. The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client suspected of having . Which clinical sign involves restriction and pain upon complete extension of the knee when the hip is flexed to ?

A

rigidity

B

sign

C

position

D

Kernig’s sign

Question 18 of 20

18. The nurse is caring for a client with who is undergoing . This therapeutic procedure aims to achieve which of the following actions?

A

Suppress the inflammatory response

B

Provide mechanical ventilation

C

Remove circulating antibodies

D

Stimulate nerve conduction

Question 19 of 20

19. The nurse is assisting with an amniocentesis procedure at gestation. The ratio is assessed to determine which of the following?

A

Genetic disorder detection

B

Placental position

C

Fetal lung maturity

D

tube defects

Question 20 of 20

20. The nurse is assessing a client experiencing pain associated with . The characteristic pain is often described as radiating to which of the following areas?

A

Lower abdomen

B

Left arm

C

Right knee

D

Upper back only

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